Update:

Winter Recess: Harvard Library and the University are closed from noon on Wednesday, December 24, 2025 through Thursday, January 1, 2026. Check library hours and view our services schedule.

This display represents twin streams of influence on European science from the Islamic world: through the original works of Islamic scientists, and through the preservation of ancient Greek texts that had been lost in Western Europe. Ḥasan Ibn al-Haytham (965–1039), considered to be the father of modern optics, authored the landmark Kitāb al-Manāẓir (The Book of Optics), a dramatic advance in the study of the behavior of light. Also on display, the first edition of Euclid’s Elements printed in Arabic with commentary by Persian scientist Nasir al-Din al-Tusi. 

Planning to visit?

Houghton exhibitions are open to all visitors. Please see Harvard Library's Visitor Access Page for the most up-to-date information about visiting the library.

Persons with disabilities who would like to request accommodations or have questions about physical access, please contact us.